[AD]
| Striking: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Atemi |  |
Strike to a vital point |
| Chudan-zuki |  |
A punch to the abdominal region |
| Gedan-zuki |  |
Downward punch |
| Gyaku-uchi |  |
Any reverse strike |
| Gyaku-zuki |  |
Punching with the rear hand |
| Jodan-zuki |  |
Upper strike |
| Kaeshi-zuki |  |
Counter thrust |
| Katate-uchi |  |
One-handed strike |
| Men-uchi |  |
Strike to head |
| Mune tsuki |  |
Thrust toward knot on obi |
| Oi-zuki |  |
A step-punch |
| Shomen uchi |  |
Overhead strike to the head. |
| Tsuki |  |
In Aikido, usually a Chudan Oi-zuki |
| Uchi |  |
Inside; strike |
| Yokomen uchi |  |
Diagonal strike to the side of the head. |
| Yoko-uchi |  |
A sideward strike |
| Holds: | ||
| Gyakute-dori |  |
To grasp with one's hand reversed; to grasp and opponents right wrist with your left hand |
| Katate dori |  |
One hand holding one hand. |
| Kosadori |  |
hand grab (katatedori ai-hanmi) |
| Morote dori |  |
Two hands holding one hand. |
| Kata dori |  |
Shoulder hold |
| Ryokata dori |  |
Grabbing both shoulders. |
| Ryote dori |  |
Two hands holding two hands. |
| Mune dori |  |
One or two hand lapel hold. |
| Hiji dori |  |
Elbow grab |
| Sode dori |  |
Sleeve grab |
| Ushiro eri-dori |  |
Neck grab from the back (usually the collar :-) |
| Ushiro tekubi dori |  |
Wrist grab from the back. |
| Ushiro ryote dori |  |
As above from the back. |
| Ushiro ryokata dori | |
As above from the back. |
| Ushiro kubi shime |  |
Rear choke. |
| Body Parts: | ||
| Hara |  |
The abdomen, stomach |
| Abara |  |
The ribs |
| Ago |  |
Jaw |
| Ashi |  |
Leg |
| Ashikubi |  |
Ankle |
| Atama |  |
Head |
| Chototsu |  |
Atemi point between the eyes |
| Daitai |  |
The thigh |
| Denko |  |
Atemi point at the floating ribs |
| Dokko |  |
Pressure point behind the ear |
| Empi |  |
The elbow |
| Eri |  |
Lapel; collar |
| Fukuto |  |
Atemi point just above inside of knee |
| Ganmen |  |
The face |
| Gekon |  |
Pressure point below lower lip |
| Gokoku |  |
Pressure point in fleshy area between thumb and forefinger |
| Haishu |  |
Back of the hand |
| Haito |  |
Ridgehand |
| Haiwan |  |
Back of forearm |
| Hiji |  |
Elbow |
| Hiji-zume |  |
Atemi point on inside of elbow |
| Hitai |  |
Forehead |
| Ippon-ken |  |
An one-knuckle fist |
| Jinchu | Pressure point on upper lip below nose | |
| Jintai |  |
The body |
| Jinkai-kyusho |  |
Vital points on the human body |
| Juizo |  |
The kidney area |
| Junchu |  |
Atemi point on the upper lip |
| Kakato |  |
The heel of the foot |
| Kakuto |  |
Back of the wrist (for a strike) |
| Kashi |  |
Legs |
| Katate |  |
One hand |
| Keichu | |
Atemi point on back of neck |
| Kenkokotsu |  |
Shoulder blades |
| Kikan |  |
Trachea |
| Koko |  |
Area between thumb and forefinger |
| Kote |  |
Wrist |
| Kubi |  |
Neck |
| Kubi-naka |  |
Atemi point at base of skull |
| Kyusho |  |
Vital point on body |
| Mata |  |
The thigh; the groin |
| Men |  |
Head |
| Mikazuki |  |
Atemi at corner of jaw |
| Mimi |  |
Ears |
| Morote |  |
Both hands |
| Mukozune |  |
Atemi point in middle of shin |
| Mune |  |
Chest |
| Murasame |  |
Pressure points on each side of neck behind collar bone |
| Naike |  |
Pressure point on inside of ankle |
| Nukite |  |
Ends of stiffened fingers |
| Seika-tanden |  |
Lower abdomen |
| Seiken |  |
Front of fist |
| Seikichu |  |
The spine |
| Senaka |  |
The back of the body |
| Shintai |  |
The body |
| Shita hara |  |
Lower abdomen |
| Shomen |  |
Face |
| Shuhai |  |
Back of the hand |
| Shuto |  |
Edge of hand |
| Sode |  |
Sleeve |
| Sokei |  |
Groin |
| Sokuso |  |
Tips of toes (for kicking) |
| Sokutei |  |
Bottom of heel |
| Sokuto |  |
Edge of foot |
| Tanden |  |
Abdomen |
| Tegatana |  |
The arm as sword |
| Teisho |  |
Heel of the hand |
| Tekubi |  |
Wrist |
| Te-no-hira |  |
Palm of hand |
| Tento |  |
Atemi point on top of head |
| Tettsui |  |
Hammer fist |
| Te-ura |  |
Inside of wrist |
| Ude |  |
The arm |
| Uraken |  |
Back of fist |
| Waki |  |
Side; armpit |
| Wakikage |  |
Atemi point in armpit |
| Yokomen |  |
Side of the head |
| Yubi |  |
Finger |
| Zengaku |  |
Forehead |
| Zenshin |  |
The entire body |
| Zenwan |  |
Forearm |
| Commands in the dojo: | ||
| Ato |  |
Move back |
| Hajime |  |
Start |
| Hayaku |  |
Quickly |
| Kiyotsukete |  |
Be careful |
| Koutai |  |
Change |
| Mate |  |
Wait |
| Mawatte |  |
Turn around |
| Mokuso |  |
Close the eyes, meditation |
| Suwatte |  |
Sit down |
| Tatte |  |
Raise |
| Yame |  |
Stop |
| Yoi |  |
Ready |
| Yukuri |  |
Slow |
| Yuru yaka ni |  |
Smooth |
| Shinzen ni rei |  |
Bow to shrine |
| Sensei ni rei |  |
Bow to sensei |
| Joseki ni rei |  |
Bow to the high section of the dojo |
| Kamiza ni rei |  |
Bow to kamiza (gods) |
| Otagai ni rei |  |
Bow to each other |
| Rei |  |
Bow |
| Words: | ||
| Arigato |  |
Thank you (informal) |
| Domo |  |
Thanks (informal) |
| Domo arigato |  |
Thank you (formal) |
| Domo arigato gozaimasu |  |
Thank you very much (very formal) (for something that is happening) |
| Domo arigato gozaimas'ta |  |
Thank you very much (very formal) (for something that has just ended) |
| Dozo |  |
Please go ahead |
| Gomen nasai |  |
Excuse me, I'm sorry |
| Onegaishimasu |  |
Please (when asking for something, usually as in Please lets practice together) |
| Sumimasen |  |
Excuse me (to attract attention) |
| Hai |  |
Yes |
| Iie |  |
No |
| Wakarimasu |  |
I understand |
| Directions: | ||
| Mae |  |
Forward |
| Migi |  |
Right |
| Hidari |  |
Left |
| Ushiro | |
Rearward, behind |
| Omote |  |
Front |
| Ura |  |
Back |
| Uchi | |
Inside |
| Soto |  |
Outside |
| Jodan |  |
High |
| Chudan |  |
Middle |
| Gedan |  |
Low |
| Chokkaku |  |
Right angles |
| Heiko |  |
Parallel |
| Massugu |  |
Straight ahead |
| Naname |  |
Diagonal |
| Otoshi |  |
Dropping |
| Shomen | |
Straight ahead |
| Ue |  |
Up |
| Yoko |  |
Horizontal, to the side |
| Asoko |  |
Over there |
| Gyaku |  |
Reverse, opposite, inverted |
| Hantai |  |
The other way around |
| Kiku |  |
Lower |
| Komi |  |
Coming close or drawing near. |
| Soko |  |
There, that position |
| Hantai-ni |  |
In the opposite direction |
| Happo |  |
The eight sides; in all directions |
| Ichimonji |  |
A straight line |
| Chokusen |  |
A straight line |
| Naka |  |
Center |
| Naka ni |  |
To the center |
| Waki | |
Side; armpit |
| Zenpo |   |
Front |
| General: | ||
| Uchi deshi |  |
A live-in student |
| Budo |  |
Martial way |
| Aikido |  |
The way of harmony with ki |
| Dojo |  |
Lit. "way place" |
| Zanshin |  |
lit. "remaining spirit", balanced and aware state |
| Kiai |  |
A shout delivered for the purpose of focussing all of one's energy |
| Satori |  |
Enlightenment |
| Misogi |  |
purification ceremony |
| Musubi |  |
Ending, conclusion, union |
| Shugyo |  |
Training, pursuit of knowledge |
| Tatami |  |
Mat |
| Uke |  |
Receiver of the technique (attacker) |
| Nage |  |
Doer of the technique (defender) |
| Bokken |  |
Wooden sword |
| Bokuto |  |
Wooden sword |
| Jo |  |
Short staff (~130 cm length) |
| Shinai |  |
Bamboo sword |
| Enten-jizui |  |
Moving and turning freely |
| Genshin |  |
Intuition |
| Giri |  |
Duty; What you have to do |
| Happo-baraki |  |
To be totally aware of ones surroundings |
| Hiki |  |
Pull; tug |
| Hineri |  |
A twist |
| Hito-e-mi |  |
Blending with motion of attack |
| Ido |  |
Movement |
| Idori |  |
Techniques practiced from seiza |
| Ikki-ni |  |
In one breath; instantly |
| Ima |  |
Now |
| Irimi |  |
Entering |
| Kaiten |  |
Rotation |
| Kaiten-juki |  |
The axis of rotation of a technique |
| Kan |  |
Intuition |
| Karame |  |
To tie up; to arrest |
| Karami |  |
An entanglement |
| Karui-geiko |  |
Light, easy practice |
| Kashaki-uchi |  |
Continuous attack |
| Kihon |  |
Fundamental |
| Kokoro |  |
Spirit, will, heart, intuition, mood |
| Kokoro-gamae |  |
Mental attitude |
| Kokutsu |  |
Backward leaning |
| Koryu |  |
Old style |
| Kujiki |  |
Strain |
| Kushin |  |
Springing in to attack |
| Kusshinuke |  |
To dodge an attack |
| Maai |  |
Combat engagement distance |
| Mae-no-sen |  |
Taking the initiative; Attacking the instant your opponent thinks about it |
| Maki |  |
Wrapped around |
| Mawashi |  |
A turn; a rotation |
| Moku roku |  |
A catalog of techniques |
| Mokuso | |
Meditation |
| Munen mushin |  |
Striking without conscience |
| Munen muso |  |
The goal of zazen |
| Nagashi |  |
Flow |
| Ninjo |  |
What you have to do |
| No |  |
Possessive particle of speech |
| Nobashi |  |
Stretched out |
| Nuki |  |
Pull |
| Oji |  |
A response |
| Osae |  |
Press; push; to immobolize |
| Randori |  |
Free style |
| Reigi |  |
Etiquette; also reishiki |
| Renshu |  |
Hard work on basics |
| Ritsurei |  |
A standing bow |
| Sabaki |  |
Body motion |
| Saho |  |
The left direction |
| Sankaku |  |
Triangle |
| Seme-guchi |  |
An opening for an attack |
| Semete |  |
Attacker |
| Sen |  |
The initiative; also 1000 |
| Senjutsu |  |
Tactics |
| Sen-no-sen | |
Seizing initiative just as opponents initiates attack |
| Sente |  |
The person who takes the initiative |
| Shi |  |
A (samurai) person |
| Shiki |  |
Ceremony, style, form |
| Shikko |  |
On one's knees |
| Shinshin |  |
Mind and body |
| Shinshin shugyo |  |
Mind and body training |
| Shinshin toitsu |  |
Mind and body unified |
| Shita |  |
Down |
| Shita-no |  |
Of the lower part |
| Shizoku |  |
Safe spot |
| Sho |  |
Small |
| Shoshin |  |
Beginners mind |
| Shuchu |  |
Concentration |
| Shugeki |  |
Attack |
| Sudori |  |
Momentum |
| Sukui |  |
Scooping |
| Tai-atari |  |
Body contact |
| Tai-chikara |  |
External power (muscle) |
| Taisabaki |  |
Body motion |
| Taijutsu |  |
Body art |
| Tai-no-henko |  |
Reversing the body's position |
| Tanin-geiko |  |
Practicing with multiple attackers |
| Taoshi |  |
To tip over |
| Tateki |  |
Multiple attackers |
| Tateki-geiko |  |
Practicing with multiple attackers |
| Tateki-uchi |  |
Fighting with multiple attackers |
| Tenkan |  |
Pivot |
| Tsukami |  |
To seize (and immobilize) |
| Uchima |  |
Distance where you can strike by taking a single step |
| Uchimata |  |
The inside of the throw |
| Uchite |  |
The attacker |
| Uki |  |
Floating |
| Yo |  |
Positive principle of nature |
| Yoko-furumi |  |
Sideward motion |
| Yumi |  |
A bow (archery) |
| Zentai |  |
Total |
| Fukushiki-kokyu |  |
Abdominal breathing |
| Ibuki |  |
A breathing method featuring a long exhalation, followed by a short cough to clear lungs |
| In-ibuki |  |
Internal (quiet) breathing |
| Nogare |  |
Breathing method featuring long exhalation with sharp gasp |
| Ritsuzen |  |
Standing meditiation |
| Yo-inbuki |  |
External (power) breathing |
| Postures: | ||
| Hanmi |  |
Half forward stance. |
| Hitoemi | |
Equal stance, feet parallel forward |
| Iai goshi |  |
Hips lowered, stable position. |
| Iai hiza, Tate hiza |  |
Kneeling on one calf. |
| Kamae |  |
Posture, stance. |
| Kiza |  |
Kneeling, but up on the toes. |
| Seiza |  |
Kneeling on both calves. |
| Tachi |  |
Standing. |
| Chudan | |
Middle kamae, sword in middle, seigan is a chudan gamae. |
| Gedan | |
Lower level, sword pointed down. |
| Hasso gamae |  |
Figure 8 stance, sword by side of head. Usually hasso hidari, sword on right, left foot forward. |
| Jodan | |
Upper level, sword above head. Usually hidari jodan, left foot forward. |
| Karuma |  |
like waki gamae, blade horizontal. |
| Kasumi |  |
Arms crossed over to hide technique (mountain mist). |
| Kongo |  |
Blade vertical in front of face. |
| Seigan |  |
Natural step, fundamental kamae. |
| Waki gamae |  |
Sword pointed down and back, for a sutemi (sacrifice) waza. Usually sword on right side (migi waki gamae), left foot forward. Other purpose - hiding length of sword, especially in case of a broken one. |
| Principles: | ||
| Ikkyo |  |
1. principle = oshi taoshi, ude osae |
| Nikyo |  |
2. principle = kote mawashi, kotemaki |
| Sankyo |  |
3. principle = kote hineri, shibori-kime |
| Yonkyo |  |
4. principle = tekubi osae |
| Gokyo |  |
5. principle = kuji-osae |
| Rokkyo |  |
6. principle = hiji-kime-osae or waki-katame or ude-hishigi. |
| Nanakyo |  |
7. principle = Yonkyo applied to back of wrist |
| Hakyo |  |
8. principle = kote-ori-kakae-kimi, kuji-dori = Nikyo in which his elbow is in your armpit and his hand is pulled forward; Pinning their hand with your foot |
| Kukyo |  |
9. principle = Inverted nanakyo |
| Throws: | ||
| Irimi nage |  |
Entering throw ("20 year technique") |
| Juji nage, juji garami |  |
Arm entwining throw ("No. 10 throw", since the arms form the japanese sign for 10 "+". arms crossed, elbows locked) |
| Kaiten nage |  |
Rotary throw. uchi-kaiten nage and soto-kaiten nage (inside and outside) |
| Kokyu ho |  |
morotetori kokyu nage or ryotemochi kokynage ude-oroshi irimi |
| Kokyu nage |  |
Breath throw (There are a zillion of these in Aikido. Most of them just variations of the basic techniques) |
| Koshi nage |  |
Hip throw |
| Kote gaeshi |  |
Wrist turn-out |
| Shiho nage |  |
Four direction throw |
| Tenchi nage |  |
Heaven and earth throw |
| Aiki otoshi |  |
entering more deeply and picking up uke's off-side leg |
| Maki otoshi |  |
nage ends up down on one knee, having thrown uke over nage's shoulder |
| Sumi gaeshi |  |
corner throw |
| Sumi otoshi |  |
Corner drop |
| Tai-atari uchi otoshi |  |
from yokomen-uchi, entering and blocking.,uke gets thrown backwards |
| Ushiro udoroshi |  |
pull down from behind |
| Kokyu dosa |  |
Breath-power movement (from seiza) |
| Ganseki otoshi |  |
Arm bar with elbow braced over shoulder |
| Katagatame |  |
A variation of Kaiten nage where you lock your opponents shoulder and bring him directly to the ground in a lock |
| Ranks and titles: | ||
| Kohai |  |
Junior student |
| Sempai |  |
Senior student |
| Sensei |  |
Instructor |
| Shihan |  |
A senior teacher, properly used within the school only, when outside, use sensei |
| Kyu |  |
Student grade, from 10 up to 1, the highest: jukyu, kukyu, hachikyu, nanakyu, rokyu  ,, gokyu  , yonkyu  , sankyu  ,, nikkyu  , ikkyu  |
| Dan |  |
More advanced grades, from 1 to 10: shodan  , nidan  , sandan , yondan  , godan , rokudan  , nanadan  , hachidan  , kudan  ,, judan  |
| Yudansha |  |
Members with dan grades |
| Mudansha |  |
Members with kyu grades |
| Hanshi |  |
Highest title from ZNKR, must be 55 or older and 8 dan. |
| Kyoshi |  |
Middle title from ZNKR, must be 7th dan. |
| Renshi |  |
Title bestowed from ZNKR in addition to Dan ranks. |
| Soke |  |
Head of style (actually head of family, unifier of gods and lineage) |
| Doshu |  |
Head of the way (currently Moriteru Ueshiba, grandson of O Sensei) |
| Kaicho |  |
"Owner" of school (organization) eg. Sei Do Kai |
| Kancho |  |
"Owner" of school (building, hall) eg. Yugen Kan |
| Dojo-cho |  |
"Leader" of a dojo |
| O Sensei |  |
Great Teacher (Ueshiba, Morihei) |
| Techniques: | ||
| Ukemi |  |
Lit. "receiving with the body" |
| Kumitachi |  |
Sword partnership practice |
| Kumijo |  |
Staff partnership practices |
| Tachi dori |  |
Sword takeaways |
| Tanto dori |  |
Knife takeaways |
| Atemi-waza |  |
Techniques to strike a vital point |
| Hanashi-waza |  |
Techniques from escaping from holds; also known as hazushi-waza |
| Hanmi-handachi waza |  |
One person standing, one person sitting techniques |
| Henka waza |  |
Varied technique. Especially beginning one technique and changing to another in mid-execution |
| Hitori waza |  |
"invisible partner practice" |
| Jiju waza |  |
Free-style practice of techniques. Usually a set of attacks or techniques. It is different from Randori where everything is allowed. |
| Kaeshi-waza |  |
Counter techniques |
| Kansetsu-waza |  |
Dislocation techniques |
| Katame-waza |  |
Grappling techniques; consisting of osae waza, kensetsu waza, and shime waza |
| Kihon-waza | |
Fundamental techniques |
| Nagashi waza |  |
Flowing from one technique to next |
| Ne waza |  |
Grappling techniques |
| Oji waza |  |
To block and then counterattack |
| Omote waza |  |
Techniques that are revealed to the public |
| Osae waza |  |
Pinning techniques. |
| Shi waza |  |
A counter technique |
| Sukashi waza |  |
Techniques performed without allowing the attacker to complete a grab or to initiate a strike. |
| Sutemi waza |  |
a technique accomplished by sacrificing your body |
| Suwari waza |  |
Techniques executed with both uke and nage in a seated position. |
| Tachi waza |  |
Standing techniques. |
| Te-waza |  |
Hand techniques (as opposed to weapons) |
| Uchi-waza |  |
Striking techniques |
| Ushiro-waza |  |
Techniques from rear attacks |
| Uke-waza | |
Blocking techniques |
| The uniform: | ||
| Tenugui |  |
Small hand cloth to wipe face. Also worn under the helmet in kendo. |
| Keiko gi, do gi, gi |  |
Practice uniform. |
| Embu gi |  |
Demonstration top / uniform. |
| Kesa |  |
Lapel / part of monk's costume hanging from left shoulder. |
| Mon |  |
Family crests on uniform |
| Montsuki |  |
Wide sleaved top with mon on chest, sleeve and back. |
| Sode | |
Sleeve, on practice top. |
| Tanomo |  |
Large sleeves on formal tops. |
| Uwa gi |  |
Practice top. |
| Zekken |  |
Chest patch embroidered with own name and dojo name. |
| Obi |  |
Belt (White belt  , Black belt  |
| Hakama |  |
Split skirt, wide legged pants. |
| Hera |  |
Peg in back of hakama. |
| Matadachi |  |
Split in side of hakama. |
| Koshiita |  |
Back plate on hakama. |
| Tabi |  |
Japanese sock-slippers used in dojo. |
| Zori |  |
Japanese sandals for use outside dojo. |
